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Prophet Muhammed (peace be upon him), born in 570 CE in Makkah, led a life marked by extraordinary events that shaped not only Islamic history but also the course of world civilization. From his early childhood as an orphan to receiving divine revelation and establishing the first Muslim state in Madinah, his life offers lessons in perseverance, morality, and leadership.
As Muslims commemorate Milad-un-Nabi 2025, reflecting on these milestones helps believers strengthen their connection to the Prophet and his mission.
1. Birth in the Year of the Elephant (570 CE)
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was born in Makkah in the same year that Abraha attempted to destroy the Kaaba with an army of elephants — an event recorded in Surah Al-Fil (105:1–5). His birth itself was seen as a sign of protection and divine will.
2. Early Life as an Orphan
His father, Abdullah, died before his birth, and his mother, Amina, passed away when he was just six years old. Raised first by his grandfather Abdul Muttalib and then his uncle Abu Talib, the Prophet’s childhood experiences of hardship taught him empathy for the poor and orphans — a theme that recurs throughout the Qur’an.
3. The Trustworthy Merchant (Al-Ameen)
As a young man, Muhammed (PBUH) earned the title Al-Ameen (the trustworthy) for his honesty and fairness in trade. His reputation led to his marriage with Khadijah (RA), a wealthy merchant widow, who became his strongest supporter.
4. The First Revelation (610 CE)
At the age of 40, while meditating in the Cave of Hira, Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) received the first revelation through Angel Jibreel (Gabriel):
- Surah Al-Alaq (96:1–5): “Read in the name of your Lord who created…”
This marked the beginning of his Prophethood and the mission to deliver Islam to humanity.
5. The Migration to Madinah (Hijrah, 622 CE)
Facing persecution in Makkah, the Prophet and his companions migrated to Yathrib (later called Madinah). This migration became a defining moment in Islamic history and marks the start of the Islamic calendar (Hijri calendar).
6. Establishing the First Islamic State
In Madinah, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) drafted the Constitution of Madinah, ensuring coexistence between Muslims, Jews, and other communities. It was one of the first written agreements guaranteeing religious freedom and mutual protection.
7. The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah (628 CE)
Despite being seemingly unfavorable, the treaty signed between the Muslims and Quraysh laid the groundwork for the peaceful spread of Islam. The Qur’an referred to it as a “clear victory” (Surah Al-Fath 48:1).
8. The Conquest of Makkah (630 CE)
Returning as a victor to Makkah, the Prophet (PBUH) displayed unmatched forgiveness. Instead of punishing his enemies, he declared: “Go, for you are free.” This milestone highlighted his character of mercy and justice.
9. The Farewell Pilgrimage (632 CE)
In his final year, the Prophet (PBUH) performed the Farewell Hajj and delivered his famous sermon, emphasizing equality, justice, and women’s rights.
10. Passing Away (632 CE)
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) passed away at the age of 63 in Madinah. He is the last Prophet of Islam and his departure from this world marks the end of Prophethood but the continuation of his message through the Qur’an and Sunnah. He was laid to rest in his home, which today forms part of the Prophet’s Mosque (Masjid an-Nabawi).
